The term “ocean energy” is used to describe the harnessing of power found in ocean waves, tidal flows, and salinity and temperature gradients. 

Wave energy can be considered a concentrated form of solar energy.  The sun's radiation heats the surface of the ocean creating wind, which in turn creates waves.  Regions considered to have “good” wave energy resources are generally those found within 40 to 60 degrees of latitude, where the strongest winds are found.  The largest waves are formed in regions where the wind blows over the water the furthest, the longest "fetch", often the west coasts of continents.

Modern tidal technology developments are focusing on the harnessing of tidal "streams" or "currents".  These are found in regions with high tidal ranges and natural constrictions such as straights, narrows or fjords.  This movement of water is also enhanced by the differential heating of the ocean water column which creates deep water currents.

There are numerous methods of harnessing wave and tidal energy that are currently under various stages of R&D and demonstration.  For more information on any of these technologies and other ocean energy industry information please see our library.